Ana Ispas, Laura Iosif, Ana Maria Cristina Ţâncu, Manuela Manziuc, Georgiana Florentina Gheorghe, Dana Cristina Bodnar
ABSTRACT
Aim of the study. To investigate the correlation between occlusal trauma caused by occlusal discrepancies during the eccentric movements of the mandible and the type of guidance, loss of attachment, and non-carious lesions. Materials and methods. The study involved 45 subjects aged between 25 and 70 years, each presenting with at least two non-carious lesions. Comprehensive odontal, occlusal, and periodontal evaluations were carried out. The odontal assessment identified the location and dimensions of the abfractions. The attachment loss was measured during the periodontal examination, while the occlusal examination allowed the detection of premature contacts and interferences in the teeth with abfractions in the excursion movements of the mandible. A series of parameters were analyzed such as the location and size of abfractions, the amount of attachment loss, occlusal discrepancies in the teeth included in the study, the type of guidance and the patient’s age. Correlations between the values obtained in determining these parameters were performed by using Student test (T) 2-tailed and the mathematical regression lines. Results. Abfractions were observed most frequently in group guidance (50%), followed by canine guidance (31%) and anterior guidance (19%). Posterior teeth with active interferences during laterality movements exhibited a mean attachment loss of 0.88 mm (p < 0.01). Teeth with premature contacts showed a mean attachment loss of 0.60 mm (p < 0.01). Additionally, anterior teeth with premature contacts active during propulsion demonstrated a mean attachment loss of 1.24 mm (p < 0.01).. Conclusions The findings highlight a significant association between occlusal discrepancies and progressive attachment loss, underscoring the importance of precise occlusal adjustments in preserving periodontal health and preventing structural tooth damage. This pivotal connection emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach to early diagnosis and management, advancing both clinical practice and patient outcomes.
DOI : 10.62610/RJOR.2025.1.17.61
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