Luiza Camelia Nechita, Ciprian Adrian Dinu, Gabriel Popa, Gabi Topor, Irina Adriana Beuran, Daniela Mihalache
Abstract
Hypertension is a common chronic condition among elderly patients, significantly impacting oral rehabilitation procedures. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension are at increased risk of cardiovascular complications, including hypertensive crises, stroke, or myocardial infarction during dental treatment. Proper assessment, management, and adaptation of anesthetic techniques are essential to minimize these risks and ensure safe treatment. This review explores the considerations for treating hypertensive elderly patients in oral rehabilitation, emphasizing anesthetic choices, vasoconstrictor use, and necessary precautions. Anesthetic selection must balance efficacy and cardiovascular safety, with limited use of epinephrine in patients with moderate to severe hypertension. Stress and anxiety management are crucial, as emotional distress can elevate blood pressure, increasing procedural risks. Preoperative blood pressure monitoring, interdisciplinary collaboration between dentists and cardiologists, and patient education contribute to optimizing outcomes. Prosthetic rehabilitation, whether through removable dentures, fixed restorations, or implants, must be tailored to individual patient conditions. Special attention is needed for patients on antihypertensive medication, as side effects like xerostomia and gingival overgrowth can affect treatment success. Postoperative monitoring ensures proper healing and reduces complications. A patient-centered, preventive approach is key to achieving successful oral rehabilitation in hypertensive elderly patients. Personalized treatment planning, risk assessment, and appropriate anesthetic choices significantly enhance patient safety and treatment outcomes, contributing to improved oral health and overall well-being.
DOI : 10.62610/RJOR.2025.1.17.87
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