Beatrice Adriana Balgiu, Ruxandra Sfeatcu, Christina Mihai, Loredana Dumitrașcu, Mihaela Adina Dumitrache, Andreea Didilescu
ABSTRACT
Background. In recent years, dental aesthetics has been shown to have a significant impact on oral health-related quality of life. A widely used tool to assess the impact of dental aesthetics is the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) which is composed of 4 scales: dental self-confidence, psychological impacts, social impacts, and aesthetic concern. This study aims to validate the PIDAQ-RO and assess its psychometric properties in the case of a sample of young Romanian adults (N=775; 52.78% females; Meanage=21.74).
Methods. The questionnaire was translated into Romanian and adapted using the forward-backward translation procedure. The factorial validity was checked by using the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Multi group-CFA (MG-CFA) was used in order to demonstrate the gender invariance. Convergent validity was evaluated using average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR), and, in order to assess reliability, we used McDonald’s omega and Cronbach’s alfa. The concurrent validity was carried out with scales which assess the perceived impact of oral aesthetics (OASIS), self-esteem (RSES), and life satisfaction (SWLS).
Results. The results indicated that the fit indices were adequate for the proposed 4-factor model. (χ²/df=2.74; CFI=0.98; TLI=0.97; RMSEA=0.047, 90%CI-043-0.052) and the support of gender invariance (ΔCFI <0.01). The internal consistency is excellent for all subscales of the questionnaire (α and ω between 0.87 and 0.94). Dental self-confidence scale correlates positively with self-esteem, life satisfaction and the perceived impact of dental aesthetics, while the psychological and social impacts scales demonstrated negative associations with self-esteem and life satisfaction, and positive correlations with the perceived impact of dental aesthetics. The aesthetic concern scale exhibited a minor negative correlation with life satisfaction. Conclusions. These results support the validity and reliability of PIDAQ-RO as an instrument for assessing young Romanian adults.
DOI : 10.62610/RJOR.2025.1.17.28
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