Razvan Tudor Tepordei, Ana Haliciu, Cosmin Gabriel Popa, Simona Alice Partene Vicoleanu, Gabriel Statescu, Roxana-Andreea Popa, Marius Constantin Moraru, Manuela Ursaru
Abstract
Introduction: Haller cells are anatomical variations in the ethmoid bone that can extend into the maxillary sinus and are often implicated in sinonasal pathologies. Their role in predisposing individuals to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains a subject of debate. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the association between Haller cells and CRS, focusing on their prevalence, diagnostic imaging, and clinical significance. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies published between 2000 and 2024 were included, analyzing the prevalence of Haller cells, their detection using imaging modalities (CT, MRI), and their correlation with CRS symptoms. Articles were evaluated for quality and relevance, and data were synthesized to highlight common findings and discrepancies. Results and Discussion: Haller cells were identified in approximately 10-45% of the population, with prevalence varying based on study design and imaging techniques. While not always symptomatic, larger or extensively pneumatized Haller cells were associated with obstruction of the infundibulum, impaired drainage of the maxillary sinus, and increased risk of CRS. Imaging, particularly CT, was critical in detecting these cells and assessing their anatomical impact. Surgical intervention, such as functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), was reported to improve symptoms in cases where Haller cells contributed to CRS. However, the literature revealed inconsistencies regarding the direct causal relationship, emphasizing the need for individualized clinical evaluation. Conclusions: Haller cells may play a contributory role in the pathophysiology of CRS, particularly in cases with anatomical predisposition to sinus obstruction. Accurate imaging and assessment are essential for diagnosis and treatment planning. Future research should focus on prospective studies to better establish causality and optimize management strategies.
DOI : 10.62610/RJOR.2025.1.17.27
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