Maria-Cristina Jianu,Alexandrina Muntean, Cristina-Ioana Mihălțan,Mariana Pacurar, Ana Munteanu
Abstract
Introduction: MIH (Molar incisor hypo mineralisation) syndrome is a multifactorial pathology frequently encountered by paediatric dentists. The aim of the study was to identify the aetiology and the main criteria for diagnosis of MIH syndrome. Material and Methods: A review of the literature, relating to MIH, was undertaken using evidence obtained from the electronic databases and guidelines, published between 2016-2021. The items selected were: aetiology, classification, diagnosis of MIH. Results: MIH is a condition with multifactorial aetiology; genetic component with the influence of environmental factors acting in the prenatal, perinatal and postnatal period are the most importants to consider. Main diagnostic criteria for MIH are enamel hypo mineralisation of the first permanent molars and permanent incisors, demarcated opacities, enamel breakdown, dental hypersensitivity and atypical coronary restorations. The presence of demarcated opacities at the level of temporary second molars could be a predictive factor for MIH syndrome. Conclusions: Given the multiple etiological factors, the increased prevalence of MIH syndrome, the variety of clinical features and the association with increased caries risk, it is necessary for dentists to consider early and effective diagnosis using simple diagnostic criteria.
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