FROM TOOTHACHE TO NEPHROPATHY: EXPLORING THE RENAL RISKS OF NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS IN DENTAL PRESCRIPTIONS

Eric Oliviu Coșovanu, Antoneta Dacia Petroaie, Adriana Cosmescu, Adorata Elena Coman, Elena Teona Coșovanu, Livia Petroaie, Liliana Mititelu Tarțău

DOI : 10.62610/RJOR.2025.2.17.78

Abstract

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently endorsed in dentistry practice for their effectiveness in analgesia and anti-inflammation, especially in managing odontogenic pain. The growing data connecting NSAID usage to adverse renal effects, such as acute kidney injury, exacerbation of chronic kidney disease, and electrolyte disturbances, prompts significant concerns, particularly regarding indiscriminate use or administration in at-risk populations. This narrative review examines the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying NSAIDs-induced nephrotoxicity, evaluates clinical evidence regarding renal outcomes associated with NSAIDs use, and highlights the risk factors that exacerbate renal impairment. It highlights the importance of enhanced awareness, patient screening, and interdisciplinary communication to mitigate nephrotoxic risks by connecting pharmacological insights with dental prescribing practices. The findings advocate for prudent NSAIDs application in dental care and recommend updating guidelines to address renal safety considerations.