BIOMATERIAL-BASED PLATELET-RICH FIBRIN IN DENTISTRY: BIOLOGICAL BASIS, PREPARATION PROTOCOLS, AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS

Vladimir Buga, Cicerone Cătălin Grigorescu, Norina Consuela Forna, Kamel Earar

Abstract

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) has emerged as a biologically active autologous biomaterial with increasing relevance in contemporary dentistry. Owing to its fibrin architecture, cellular content, and sustained release of growth factors, PRF has been investigated as a therapeutic adjunct for soft- and hard-tissue healing in periodontal, surgical, and regenerative procedures. This review examined the biological basis of PRF, the influence of preparation protocols on its regenerative properties, and its principal clinical applications in dentistry. Particular attention was given to the role of centrifugation variables, including relative centrifugal force and low-speed protocols, in shaping cell distribution, growth factor release, and vascularization potential. The available evidence indicates that PRF is not a uniform product, but a protocol-dependent biomaterial whose clinical performance is closely related to its method of preparation. Current data support its beneficial role in periodontal intrabony defects, palatal wound healing, non-surgical periodontal therapy, and bone regenerative contexts. Nevertheless, heterogeneity in preparation methods and clinical study design remains a major limitation. PRF appears to be a promising adjunct in biomaterial-based dentistry, although greater methodological standardization is required to improve reproducibility, predictability, and translational relevance.

DOI : 10.62610/RJOR.2025.1.18.16