Richter Susanne, Forna Norina, Smarandoiu Mircea, Agop-Forna Doriana
DOI : 10.62610/RJOR.2026.2.18.11
Abstract
Objectives. The aim of this narrative review was to evaluate the current evidence regarding the factors influencing the success and failure of removable prosthetic treatment in patients with extensive partial edentulism, focusing on clinical performance, patient satisfaction, oral function, and long-term treatment outcomes. Materials and Methods. A structured literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, PubMed Central, Scopus, and Web of Science. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, and clinical studies published between 2000 and 2025 were included. The review examined factors affecting treatment outcomes, including prosthesis design, retention and stability, residual ridge conditions, periodontal status of abutment teeth, masticatory efficiency, oral hygiene, patient adaptation, maintenance requirements, and quality-of-life measures. Due to methodological heterogeneity, the evidence was synthesized narratively. Results. The success of removable prosthetic rehabilitation in extensive partial edentulism depends on a combination of biological, mechanical, and patient-related factors. Adequate prosthesis design, favorable support and retention, healthy abutment teeth, and regular maintenance contribute to improved function, comfort, and patient satisfaction. In contrast, poor stability, progressive residual ridge resorption, inadequate oral hygiene, periodontal deterioration, and limited patient compliance are commonly associated with treatment failure, increased complications, and reduced prosthesis longevity. Recent advances in prosthodontic materials and digital technologies have enhanced treatment predictability and clinical outcomes. Conclusions. Long-term success of removable prosthetic treatment in extensive partial edentulism requires comprehensive diagnosis, individualized treatment planning, appropriate prosthetic design, and continuous follow-up care. Addressing both clinical and patient-related factors is essential for minimizing complications, improving oral function, and enhancing quality of life.
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