Cristian Constantin Budacu , Gabi Topor, Mădălina Matei
ABSTRACT
Aphtha (aphthous stomatitis) is an ulceration of mucous membranes of an unknown etiology. Initially, it shows as an erythematous eruption, the lesions being localized at the level of the oral cavity has a high incidence in populations; – it is caused by the intake of certain foods or irritating, toxic substances, avitaminosis, fatigue, infectious or viral diseases. Oral aphthae are small ulcerations of the oral mucosa localized on the jugal, lingual, labial, or gingival mucosa; it causes discomfort, from slight soreness to pain during mastication and intake of certain foods. Ulcerations tend to be recurrent if they are not treated properly and on time. The source of an oral aphtha is infectious, and the condition usually appears when the organism is in depletion, and the defense system is weak. Aphthous stomatitis may generally appear due to an exacerbation of the regular flora, favored by plaque, irritations caused by the consumption of alcohol, chemical substances, spices, smoking or a poor oral hygiene. Oral aphthae, also called aphthous ulcerations or aphthous stomatitis, are small lesions that develop in the soft tissues in the oral cavity or at the base of the gums. These small ulcerations, lesions or oral aphthae are usually very painful, and attention should be paid to the correction of digestive disorders, the avoidance of acid foods, spices, citrus, milk, or dairy products. Material and method: The study was conducted in the period from 2017 – 2019 and comprises a number of 434 cases, out of which 236 women (54.37%) and 198 men (45.63%) who are diagnosed with oral aphthae, small, isolated, multiple ulcerations, preceded by an erythematous area. Results and Discussion: Oral aphthae are due to a bacterium or virus, although the allergy to a particular type of bacterium found in the oral cavity can trigger them. These can be an allergic reaction to certain foods. Conclusions: Studies show that oral aphthae can be determined by a deficient immune system that uses its own antibodies to destroy the cells of the oral mucosa.